Duterte Administration (2016–2022) vs Marcos Jr. Administration (2022–Present)
(Amounts are based on approved national budgets where available. Budgets change yearly through the General Appropriations Act.)
1. National Budget Priorities Comparison
A. Education Sector (DepEd, CHED, SUCs/HEIs, TESDA)
Duterte Administration
Main priorities:
K–12 implementation
School construction
Learning facilities
Free college law implementation
Major policies:
Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act (RA 10931)
Expansion of scholarships
Teacher hiring
Marcos Administration
Main priorities:
Learning recovery after COVID
Basic education improvement
Digital learning
Classroom shortage reduction
Budget trend
| Year | Education Sector Budget |
|---|---|
| 2023 | ~₱852 billion |
| 2024 | ₱924.7 billion |
| 2025 | ₱1.05 trillion |
The 2025 education allocation included DepEd, CHED, SUCs and related education programs. (Philippine Information Agency)
Comparison
Marcos period allocated larger nominal education budgets.
Duterte focused on education expansion and free tertiary education.
2. Health Sector (DOH / PhilHealth)
Duterte
Programs:
✅ Universal Health Care Law
✅ Malasakit Centers
✅ COVID-19 response
✅ Hospital expansion
Challenges:
Pandemic overwhelmed health system
Hospital capacity problems
Marcos
Programs:
✅ Health facilities expansion
✅ Specialty centers
✅ Medical assistance programs
✅ Digital health initiatives
Budget:
| Year | DOH + Health Sector |
|---|---|
| 2024 | around ₱306 billion |
| 2025 | ₱267.8 billion DOH allocation |
(필인러브)
3. Agriculture (DA)
Duterte
Major programs:
Rice Tariffication Law
Farm mechanization
Irrigation projects
Results:
Increased market competition
Lower rice prices initially
Criticism:
Farmers argued imported rice affected local producers
Marcos
Major focus:
Food security
Rice production
Kadiwa markets
Lower rice prices
Budget:
| Year | Agriculture Allocation |
|---|---|
| 2025 | ₱237.4 billion |
(Philippine Information Agency)
4. DPWH Infrastructure
Duterte: “Build, Build, Build”
Main objective:
Reduce infrastructure gap.
Major projects:
✅ MRT-3 rehabilitation
✅ Clark International Airport expansion
✅ New Clark City
✅ Roads and bridges
✅ Flood control structures
The program contained 119 flagship infrastructure projects worth around ₱5.08 trillion. By 2022, 12 flagship projects had been completed, increasing to 15 by June 2022. (GMA Network)
Other reported accomplishments included thousands of roads, bridges, airports, ports and flood-control projects under the broader BBB portfolio. (Wikipedia)
Marcos: “Build Better More”
Continuation and expansion:
Projects:
Railway expansion
Expressways
Airport upgrades
Flood control
Digital infrastructure
Budget:
| Year | DPWH |
|---|---|
| 2024 | about ₱822–897 billion range |
| 2025 | ₱1.007 trillion |
(필인러브)
5. DSWD Social Welfare
Duterte
Programs:
4Ps continuation
Social pension
Emergency cash assistance
COVID assistance
Marcos
Programs:
4Ps continuation
Ayuda programs
Food assistance
Expanded social protection
Budget:
| Year | DSWD |
|---|---|
| 2024 | around ₱209–212 billion |
| 2025 | ₱217.5 billion |
(필인러브)
6. PNP (Police)
Duterte
Focus:
Anti-drug campaign
Crime reduction
Police modernization
Achievements claimed:
Reduced reported crimes
Police equipment upgrades
Controversies:
Human rights allegations
International criticism
Marcos
Focus:
Internal security
Anti-illegal drugs continuation with different approach
Community policing
7. AFP (Armed Forces of the Philippines)
Duterte
Major programs:
AFP modernization
Acquisition of:
aircraft
ships
missiles
equipment
Marcos
Major focus:
External defense
West Philippine Sea capability
Maritime security
Defense budget:
| Year | DND |
|---|---|
| 2024 | around ₱232–277 billion range |
| 2025 | ₱315.1 billion |
(필인러브)
8. Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)
Duterte
Expansion:
More vessels
More stations
Maritime capability increase
Marcos
Major emphasis:
West Philippine Sea
Maritime patrol
Fishermen protection
9. Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)
Both administrations:
Programs:
Fire trucks acquisition
Station expansion
Emergency response improvement
10. Illegal Settlers / Relocation Programs
Duterte
Approach:
Housing programs
Relocation of informal settlers
Infrastructure clearing
Major agencies:
DHSUD
LGUs
NHA
Marcos
Focus:
Mass housing
Urban development
Pambansang Pabahay Para sa Pilipino Program (4PH)
Goal:
Millions of housing units nationwide
11. Major Project Comparison
| Area | Duterte | Marcos |
|---|---|---|
| Infrastructure branding | Build Build Build | Build Better More |
| Focus | Roads, bridges, airports, transport | Expansion + continuation |
| Big economic goal | Infrastructure-led growth | Investment + food security |
| Major challenge | COVID disruption | Inflation and affordability |
12. OFW Conflict Repatriation and Reintegration
Duterte period
Major crisis:
COVID repatriation
Millions of OFWs were affected globally.
Government programs:
OWWA assistance
Bayanihan repatriation
cash aid
Marcos period
Middle East conflicts:
Israel-Gaza conflict
Regional instability
Government response:
Emergency repatriation
Financial assistance
Reintegration programs
Reported Middle East conflict repatriation:
More than 2,500 affected Filipinos repatriated in reported 2024 figures.
Reintegration:
Programs include:
livelihood assistance
skills training
local employment referrals
A single official nationwide percentage of repatriated OFWs who obtained domestic jobs is not consistently published; agencies usually report assistance numbers rather than one combined employment-placement rate.
Overall Scorecard Summary
| Category | Duterte | Marcos |
|---|---|---|
| GDP growth before crisis | Strong | Moderate recovery |
| Inflation control | Better before 2022 | Challenged by food prices |
| Infrastructure | Very aggressive | Continued and expanded |
| Education funding | Expanded access | Larger nominal budgets |
| Health | Universal health + COVID response | Recovery + facilities |
| Agriculture | Rice reform | Food security focus |
| Employment | Improved before COVID | Recovery after COVID |
| Defense | Modernization start | External defense focus |
| Public satisfaction | Very high early years | Mixed but generally competitive |
Key References
Philippine Statistics Authority (GDP, inflation, employment)
Department of Budget and Management (National Expenditure Program / GAA)
Department of Public Works and Highways
Department of Education
Department of Health
Department of Agriculture
Department of Social Welfare and Development
Department of Migrant Workers
Pulse Asia and Social Weather Stations surveys
I can next prepare PART 3: A single-page infographic-style “Duterte vs Marcos Scorecard” with charts, rankings, and bibliography format (APA style).
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